Since ambulance providers are responsible for life-saving medical care at the scene in emergency situations and since response times are important in these situations, it is crucial that ambulances are located in such a way that good coverage is provided throughout the region. Most models that are developed to determine good base locations assume strict 0-1 coverage given a fixed base location and demand point. However, multiple applications require fractional coverage. Examples include stochastic, instead of fixed, response times and survival probabilities. Straightforward adaption of the well-studied MEXCLP to allow for coverage probabilities results in a non-linear formulation in integer variables, limiting the size of instances that can be solved by the model. In this paper, we present a linear integer programming formulation for the problem. We show that the computation time of the linear formulation is significantly shorter than that for the non-linear formulation. As a consequence, we are able to solve larger instances. Finally, we will apply the model, in the setting of stochastic response times, to the region of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

doi.org/10.1016/j.orhc.2015.08.001
Operations Research for Health Care

van den Berg, P., Kommer, G. J., & Zuzáková, B. (2016). Linear formulation for the Maximum Expected Coverage Location Model with fractional coverage. Operations Research for Health Care, 8, 33–41. doi:10.1016/j.orhc.2015.08.001