A specification language for Reo connectors

Recent approaches to component-based software engineering employ coordinating connectors to compose components into software systems. Reo is a model of component coordination, wherein complex connectors are constructed by composing various types of primitive channels. Reo automata are a simple and intuitive formal model of context- dependent connectors, which provided a compositional semantics for Reo. In this paper, we study Reo automata from a coalgebraic perspective. This enables us to apply the recently developed coalgebraic theory of generalized regular expressions in order to derive a specication language, tailor-made for Reo automata, and sound and complete axiomatizations with respect to three distinct notions of equivalence: (coalgebraic) bisimilarity, the bisimulation notion studied in the original papers on Reo automata and trace equivalence. The obtained language is simple, but nonetheless expressive enough to specify all possible nite Reo automata. Moreover, it comes equipped with a Kleene-like theorem: we provide algorithms to translate expressions to Reo automata and, conversely, to compute an expression equivalent to a state in a Reo automaton.