Review of CFD for wind-turbine wake aerodynamics

This article reviews the state of the art of the numerical calculation of wind-turbine wake aerodynamics. Different CFD techniques for modeling the rotor and the wake are discussed. Regarding rotor modeling, recent advances in the generalized actuator approach and the direct model are discussed, as far as it attributes to the wake description. For the wake, the focus is on the different turbulence models that are employed to study wake effects on downstream turbines.